Ever since she became a blogger herself (Mosehouse Studio – her new craft blog), Bronwyn has been prompting me to do something about the parlous state of The Imaginary Museum. “You’ve got to put up a new post! People are starting to talk – I’m ashamed to host it in my links list …”
Well, she's quite right, of course, but then I do have the teaching blogs to feed – not to mention keeping up with the reviews of New NZ Poets in Performance on my Bibliography site.
But then I remembered that Maps had made a very interesting suggestion in one of the comments on that 20 favourite 20th-Century novels post of mine, the one that got all the responses:
How about a post on your ten or twenty favourite long poems of all time, Jack?
I’ve been mulling that one over for a while now. I think I dealt with most of the usual suspects from the classical epic tradition in my Car Epics posts (The Epic of Gilgamesh, Homer, Virgil, Ovid, Dante, Milton etc.), so there's no need to go through all of those guys again.
Here goes, then, with a (very subjective) list of twenty of my personal faves among twentieth-century long poems:
This was originally included in the travel book he wrote with Louis MacNeice, Letters from Iceland, and is perhaps best read like that, in situ. I prefer it to his more formal full-dress long poems from the forties: New Year Letter (1941), For the Time Being (1944) and The Age of Anxiety (1947). It's relaxed, funny and revealingly autobiographical.
[Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, "Catullus at Lesbia's"]
2) James K. Baxter: "Words to Lay a Strong Ghost" - from Runes (1973)
I guess the Jerusalem Sonnets (1970) or Autumn Testament (1972) would be more orthodox choices, but I really like this sequence. Runes is a fantastic book, anyway.
Yeah, yeah. I know how much everyone raves about the Dream Songs (1964-69). I like them myself. I'm just not convinced that they can be read as a long connected narrative rather than a group of lyrics with the same protagonist. This is the book of Berryman's I like best - at his least pretentious and most honest, and without all the (to my mind) rather forced fireworks of Homage to Mistress Bradstreet (1956).
[Lovers (Herculaneum Fresco)]
4) Anne Carson, "The Fall of Rome: A Traveller's Guide" - from Glass, Irony and God (1992)
This was Carson's first book of poems, and it's fantastically strong. This particular sequence is about a misjudged trip to Rome to stay with an acquaintance who turns out not to be in the least bit interested in entertaining her, and really majors on the misery and dislocation of the whole experience. Splendid stuff. I like The Beauty of the Husband (2002), too.
This is pretty cool stuff, I reckon. There are lots of other long poems to choose from in H. D.'s repertoire, but this one has a kind of classic precision I like.
An odd choice, you think? Maybe so. This long narrative poem describes an unnamed hero traversing the surface of an immense eye. Why? You tell me. The strange dislocatedness of it all appeals to me strongly. I like a lot of his lyrics, too: "Winter has fallen early / Upon the House of Stare" ... I think it might all have something to do with the horrors of the Second World War, also.
It's pretty difficult to reject the temptations of Four Quartets (1935-42), but I guess the good old Waste Land has to be the one. It evangelised me as a teenager, so I really owe it a lot. I can't exactly read it now, but that's maybe because I've virtually got it memorised.
By far Ginsberg's greatest poem, his most heartfelt, and his most frightening and disturbing. This tale (perhaps I should call it a transcript) of the growth and progression of his mother's madness is surely one of the great poems of the century. read it and see - or, better still, listen to him reading it out loud on his Holy Soul Jelly Roll collection.
A very odd poem from a very odd poet. Susan Howe began in the visual arts, and layout clearly interests her as much (or more) than diction. There's a haunting power in the intensity of her vision, though. Who else would have thought of turning an old discarded library copy of someone else's bibliography of a forged seventeenth-century book into the basis of a poem? Nobody, that's who. Now it's been done once - anybody.
It still blows me away a bit that I can bring myself to put a Ted Hughes book into this list. I am - to put it mildly - not a fan. But this collection really is extraordinary, and has a cumulative power. Imagine deciding to answer all those iconic, accusatory poems of Sylvia Plath's thirty years after Ariel? It sounded like a bad joke at first - "You said I was snubbing you, but actually you were the one who was ..." Kind of like a bad marital quarrel carried out - in print - from beyond the grave. And yet there's a sort of dignity in it if you read it all the way through. Good on you, Ted. I'm forced to concede him a good deal for the sheer guts of it.
I could have put in Anathemata (1952) instead, but I think the First World War poem is his finest. Well worth a look - his art work is extraordinary also.
Cool - and very funny in parts. "The Great Hunger" is actually a plea for some surcease in the sheer boredom of country life in Ireland, rather than yet another lament for the victims of the Potato famine. Hence the fact that he was sued for libel when it first came out.
Is this a long poem or a series of poems? I think it's all one poem. The book as a whole has a unity for me which goes beyond that of his other collections. I'm not really convinced by Notebook (1969-73) in any of its many guises, but the three collections - For the Union Dead (1964) and Near the Ocean (1967) are the others - he published in the early-to-mid sixties are each equally impressive and moving in their own way.
What a mass of craziness! And yet it's fantastic to read in and just contemplate, in that beautiful big 1983 University of California press edition. I can't claim to have got to the bottom of it as yet, but it fascinates me in a way that Zukofsky's A (1927-78) and even Pound's Cantos (1915-1972) (as a whole) don't.
A verse novel, no less. Dorothy Porter has made quite a specialty of them. This one is a kind of erotic lesbian detective story (hence the saucy film poster). It works very well as a narrative poem, though - all power to her for originality, I reckon.
The other one I was thinking about putting in was Homage to Sextus Propertius (1919), since I guess one can't really call Cathay (1915), which I love even more, a long poem. The Pisan Cantos (1949) are also a favourite book of mine – but not really (I have to admit) the Cantos as a whole: too disparate and uneven. Great to read in, though.
A fantastic vindication of Reading's uncompromising methods of composition / accretion: a complex piece of storytelling with an antinuclear theme is almost overpowered by the sheer rage and indignation propelling his picture of London's homeless at the height of the Thatcher era.
[Gottfried Lindauer]
18) Kendrick Smithyman: Atua Wera (1997) / Imperial Vistas Family Fictions (2002)
I've yet to read any particularly cogent analyses of Kendrick's "long poem about history," Atua Wera. Gregory O'Brien's essay in Landfall 194 (1997: 306-21) seemed to confine itself mainly to descriptions of the Wairoa River and of dreams he'd had about going camping with the old man in the South of France. It's a tough nut to crack, certainly, but I can't help feeling there's rather more to be said about it than that. My own contribution to the debate is the assertion that these books are best regarded as one long poem in two parts. Atua Wera looks into the textual bases of received history, through the person of the shifting signifier Papahurihia. Imperial Vistas Family Fictions, by contrast, mines his own family past in order to enquire into the role of the anecdotal and personal in any larger, objectifying vision. It's a very ambitious scheme, and one which we'll be talking about for a long long time to come, I feel.
This one's just delightful. Is it a play? Is it a poem? Is it autobiographical? Fictional? There's a wonderful recording of the first performance of the as-yet-unfinished work in New York. Apparently Thomas was literally scribbling out the parts backstage up to the last minute, and then had to be pushed on to take the part of the narrator. Somebody had left a microphone lying in the middle of the floor, and it picked up the whole bizarre occasion. Much better than the posthumous BBC production of the whole kit and caboodle, read by Richard Burton et al., fun though that is too.
What shall I say about this? It's very readable, and very impressive in its way. A little old-fashioned sounding now, perhaps, but then I guess it largely created the taste which might now regard it as slightly backward-looking. Nothing short of a monument, really - the poet as roving reporter, covering the city beat.
I'd liked to have put in Wallace Stevens' "Notes towards a Supreme Fiction", but I have to confess that I've never got to the end of it, much though I like some of his shorter pieces. One has to be as honest as possible in compiling such a list, otherwise what's the point?
I also note the regrettable absence of any extended poems by Seamus Heaney or Paul Muldoon. Even Seamus loses it a bit sometimes in the midst of his more extended sequences, I fear. Station Island (1984) is pretty amazing, though -- and Muldoon's "Incantata" - from The Annals of Chile (1994) - is one of the greatest elegies I've ever read.
14 comments:
Welcome back, Jack! An inspiring post, which (yet again) exposes alarming chasms in my reading. Chasms which must be filled!
I'm afraid I don't know a lot of these - I have read some
1)'Letter to Lord Bryon'
I thought this was actually a short poem. I like 'The Orators'
2) James K. Baxter: "Words to Lay a Strong Ghost" - from Runes (1973)
I've really only read parts of Baxter - certainly not this.
3) John Berryman: Love & Fame (1970)
I'd never heard of this and I would have put Berryman as a great poet on the basis of his Dream Songs etc
4) Anne Carson - I know her name but have read nothing by her...or did she translate Sappho? If so I have read that book...
5) HD I thought she just wrote a few short Imagist poems - but this reminds me I have that book I think but I have got around to reading it! (Hamish D is the HD man!)
6)Walter de la Mare
read very little by him - my local dentist - a few years ago - was great grandson a Mr Delamare.
7) The Waste Land - I read this in 1968 and memorised it also. It is a poem I never tire of - a great poem. It has become a part of me.
8) 'Kaddish' have read - it is better than Howl or America.
9) Susan Howe - she is a great poet - she was member so to speak of the Language poets - I don't know "Bibliography of the King's Book, or, Eikon Basilike (1989)" but I am
interested in her other books. She and du Plessis, Lauterbach, and Duncan and Tina Darragh have done some fascinating work...but I have really only "finished" one or two of these long poems... the problem is that they are so long! Also whatever I start reading generlly leads me to some other work referenced (or related in some way) ad infinitum...
10) I read most of these - they are very moving poems - I like Hughes and Plath - both great poets.
11)David Jones: In Parenthesis (1937) This I have read - a great poem - his art work is great also.
12) Patrick Kavanagh: The Great Hunger (1942) - I don't know this.
13) Robert Lowell, Life Studies (1959) This is an important work I feel - it is a mix of prose and poetry as Williams Carlos Williams's: "Spring and All" as it was in "Imaginations" - I see such things as an integral work.
14) "The Maximus Poems" I was re-reading them recently - need to get the large version again - even "crazier" are the letters between Creeley and Olson - Olson is even a greater rambler than I am. Huge man - huge works. 'A' in parts is magnificent - but also I have only read a chapter here and there and a few furthr chapters and so on - but I like the idea of 'A' and The Cantos also. Olson and Creeley were big fans of Pound of course as s Zukofsky also they all influenced each other...
15) Dorothy Porter: The Monkey’s Mask (1994) - never heard of the author or her work.
16) Ezra Pound: Hugh Selwyn Mauberley: Life and Contacts (1920)
- this is one of the greatest long poems ever written.
17) Peter Reading, Perduta gente (1989)
I don't know this work of his but he is great value as poet - can be very funny also...
18) Kendrick Smithyman: Atua Wera (1997) / Imperial Vistas Family Fictions (2002)
I have Atua on a shelf but never got into it. Smithyman's work is perhaps one giant long poem!
19) Dylan Thomas: Under Milk Wood (1945-1953)
I couldn't read this! But I love his other poetry.
20) William Carlos Williams: Paterson (1946-63) - I read this right through - it is a major poem/work.
Stevens - marvelous poetry - I find I get caught by his poetry and it "takes me over"...
A long poem I liked greatly is Ashbery's prose poem "Three Poems" but his "A Vermont Notebook" is- perhaps not so long but a great work.
I also liked the books of Ron Silliman although I didn't read his whole Alphabet - (there is no point) - his "Tjanting" and "Paradise" give me the same buzz as Gertrude Stein's "Stanzas in Meditation" (you have to concentrate and let them "take you over" - indeed much as if actually meditating) which I put up there as perhaps the major revolutionary poem of the 20th Century - of course every time one says such a thing one recalls another "great" poem or poet etc I could never be bothered with Alice B Tolkas or the poem about The Americans...
I remember on the Poetics List they started talking about long modern or "postmodern" "serial poems" -
and there were hundreds of them! -many I had heard of but never read...and a lot I had simply no knowledge of (not that it matters a twisted tuppence to me or anyone else what I know or don't know!!)
But people do find this kind of stuff fun Jack - it is a kind of slightly higher level "trivia" and everyone loves talking about what he or she likes etc
This also means they feel a part of what is going on (involve people in your Blog and you will get people very interested)...so this is all good stuff. Some "far out" selections here!
Here's my list:
1. Robert Adamson 'Cross the Border'
2. Charles Olson 'Maximus Poems'
3. Ed Dorn 'Idaho Out'
4. Cesar Vallejo 'Trilce'
5. Federico Lorca 'Poet In New York'
6. John Ashbery 'Three Poems'
7. George Oppen 'Of Being Numerous'
8. Allen Curnow 'Moro Assinato'
9. Ted Hughes ' The Life & Songs of Crow'
10. T.S Eliot 'Four Quartets'
11. Bob Dylan 'Isis'
12. Lawrence Ferlinghetti's 'Coney Island of The Mind'
13. James K. Baxter 'Pig Island Letters'
14. Peter Olds 'Freeway'
15. Ian Wedde 'Pathway To The Sea'
16. John Berryman 'Dream Songs'
This is a totally ass-kickin' post, Jack. Good to see ya back.
I read Auden's "Letter to Lord Bryon" last night - indeed it's fascinating - a great read - one of the "best" long poems? ...well Auden is a great poet...and in "The Letter" his extraordinary technical brilliance is shown and his depth and his great facility with language and his wit - all are there - his concern with "evil" and history - in fact it is also good is insight into Auden's work (and his life) as a whole even telling how he started writing...It took reading a few pages before it gripped me but then I was totally absorbed in it - the best of Yeats (or someone) with the best of Pope.
Was this an anglophone list, or do you just not like St John Perse as much as you should?
Good post, anyway.
Oh, this is totally an anglophone list, Livvie. With the novels I compiled both an English-language and an in-translation list, but I felt a bit dubious about doing that with poems in translation.
However, I probably don't like St. John Perse as much as I should - though both Eliot and Auden did good versions of him. Neruda's Canto General, Akhmatova's Requiem and Tsvetayeva's Poem of the End would all be on my foreign-language list. Maybe some Henri Michaud and Aime Cesaire, too.
Oh, I was only joking about the "should" - probably no-one should share my taste, after all.
I'm slightly surprised that you find the prospect of poems in translation dubious given that you yourself have made many translations of poetry, but then again perhaps that's why? I mean, the act probably increases your awareness of what's at stake?
Hmm, I'm not sure that a translation of a poem alone is what makes one like it - the rhythms and the sounds of the words play a big part in how much one likes something.
Oh, I'm tremendously fond of translating poems - and of reading translations of them, for that matter. That's the distinction I'd make, though. When one reads a translation, one's reading a poem by that translator inspired by (and even, hopefully, with certain similarities to) the original.
Reading the original requires knowledge of the original language - probably fluency in that language, actually.
I'd be happy to compile a list of good English translations of long poems in various languages, but I don't think it's the same thing as a list of good long poems in those languages. It might all seem like a bit of an unnecessary quibble until you actually have the experience of reading a poem and one or more of its translations.
Sometimes the translation reads better than its original. Not very often, though, in my experience.
Yes, this makes sense, but raises another question - why do you not have similar qualms about twentieth century novels?
(note: I'm not trying to be argumentative here; just genuinely - and generally - curious about these things)
Oh, quite so. Yes, I certainly have similar qualms about novel translations, too - but I think there's a difference in degree. With prose there's quite a good chance of getting a substantial amount of the original across (with inevitable exceptions, of course - how do translations of Ulysses read?). With poems the odds go way down.
Hi Jack 'n all, my list is here:
http://readingthemaps.blogspot.com/2008/09/twenty-big-ones.html
Yes, I checked out your list, maps, and very fine I thought it. Many interesting leads I want to follow up - Lud Heat particularly. Whether you can actually class "Spain 1937" as a long poem is debatable, I suppose -- but it's certainly thematically large enough to contain multitudes ...
Your Alun Lewis enthusiasm remains unabated, I see. I'm actually wondering, in the light of Ted Jenner's remarks in the latest brief, whether one couldn't stretch the rules to include Christopher Logue's War Music in a future list.
Livvie would like to add T. S. Eliot's translation of Perse's Anabasis, I imagine.
Hi, I'm late to this post by quite a few months, but gloriously enjoyed it. I'd have to include Beverly Dahlen's A READING on my list, as well as Ed Dorn's GUNSLINGER and Robert Duncan's PASSAGES and something by Robert Creeley, like DAYBOOKS or IN LONDON perhaps. And I would probably go for THE ANATHEMATA by David Jones, though you're right that IN PARENTHESES is a terrific poem. Thanks for the post!
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